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My Dear
We wish to solicit your assistance to provide us with a solution to a money
transfer of Thirty nine Million United States Dollars. We got your contact
from my brother in law that works with the Federal Ministry Of External
Affairs in Nigeria and a careful study of your business activities confirm
that you are the one we need. We are members of the special committee newly
instituted by the present civilian administration of President Olusegun
Obansanjo. Our duty is to review all contracts awarded to foreign
firms/contractors from the Ministry of Petroleum from 1993 to May 28th 1999.
=
It may interest you to know that most of the contracts awarded were over
invoiced or inflated. One of such contracts has been identified. The said
contract was originally executed by an Italian based firm (Straberg Italiano
=
Spa) in (1996), to supply 250,000-monax turbine polypropylene plant sand
150,000 bpsd for Kaduna refinery. Pipeline reconstruction and computer
optimization for plants "A" to Kaduna refinery, as part of the measure taken
=
to aid the turn around maintenance to recoup the almost collapsed refineries
=
in Nigeria.
The total amount approved by the then Military Government was put at
$125,000.000. 00M USD. The actual amount used for executing the contract was
=
estimated to be 86,000.000.00M USD, which has since been paid to the foreign
=
contractor. The remaining $39,000.000.00M USD was inflated. The over
inflated amount is lying in one of the country's apex bank escrow account,
waiting to be dispatched to a designated bank account. More information
shall be made known to you upon the positive confirmation from your good
self that you are willing to assist us in the completion of the understated
proposal. What we want from you now, is to provide a safe account where the
inflated amount will be transferred. Secondly, we need the name of your
choice company and address- Tel/fax numbers.
By doing so, your company will be created as artificial contractor and thus
can lay claim to the inflated amount. My colleagues and I have agreed to
compensate the owner of the account used for this transaction with 10% of
the total amount remitted. We shall keep 80% and 10% will be reserved for
taxes and other miscellaneous expenses. We intend to consummate this
transaction within the shortest possible time based on your cooperation and
support.
CHANCES: The chances of success is sure, having succeeded in moving US$5M to
=
an account in Hong Kong, save for the mischief of the account owner; we
would have been through with this project. Besides, we have the support of
colleagues from other renowned Government departments. Our chances of
success are as good as gold. ADVICE: This project demands mutual support,
commitment, confidentiality and trust. Delay is dangerous. Therefore, we
desire consistent and purposeful participation as we thread the part of
greatness. Confidentiality is our watchword, mutual trust is our beacon.
Endeavor to remain in steady contact and send me your personal phone and fax
=
no for easier communication and further clarification. I honestly assure you
=
that this transaction is 100%risk-free.
BEST REGARDS.
Rotimi David Jnr
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Dear Friend,
VERY URGENT BUSINESS RELATIONSHIP.
I am Dr. Cecilia Samarachi, (Mrs) Director and the Chief procurement
Officer with Jigawa State health population project.
I got your contact through your foreign consulate trade mission here in
Nigeria. I decided to contact you based on the good recommendation of
your company. My Ministry wants to award some major contracts and this
contracts have been approved, implementation is on the pipeline and this
contract is on supply of AGRICULTURAL CHEMICAL AND DRUGS/INJECTIONS FOR
COW TREATMENT.
This opportunity called as a result of the sudden retirement of the
former director of my ministry and I am now the new director and the
former contractor refused to co-operate with me because of his relationship
with my ex-boss. I now decided not to co-operate with him do the
contracts anymore.
However, I am seeking for a reliable firm that will excecute this
contract in collaboration with me on the following conditions and terms:
1. I want to use this last opportunity while still in the office to
extract some money by inflating this contract to be awarded, and the
over-invoiced amount I will use to establish my own hospital in U.K. oe
Germany after the transaction.
2. The inflated money (over-invoiced) from this contract will be
immediately paid (Transfered) to my account in U.K. on confirmation of
payment to your Bank.
3. I sincerely promise to approve your quotations on submission at
all cost, provided my additional amount in your quotation will be 100%
safe, immediately payment is made to your company. We would sign an
agreement for the security and safety for my secret commission from the
(over-invoiced) contarct.
4. You don't need to bother about where you will buy the products
because I will give you detail address of where the former contractor use
to buy the prodeucts in Europe and you will need only US$2.8 Million to
execute this contract.
If this Proposal is acceptable to you, please do not hesitate to
contact my brother who will carefully assist you according to my directives
for this contract.
The introduction of my brother is based on my position in the Ministry
and as such I must protect my interest at all levels.
The Jigawa State Government has approved the sum of US$6.8 Million for
this project in various currencies according to my approved estimate
cost for the various supplies.
I advice you to always reply my brother by e-mail Dr.Stephen Samarachi
(Dizashi10AFA(a)netscape.net). Reply if you are interested for more details.
I want your response soonest through my brother. Treat this with
absolute urgency and confidentiality.
Looking forward to doing a successfully business with you.
Yours Faithfully,
Dr.(Mrs) Cecilia Samarachi.
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How does one interpret ordered logit coefficients? I remember from =
class that regular probit coefficients mean something like the fraction =
of a standard deviation the underlying coefficient will =
increase/decrease with a one unit increase in x. Is there a similar way =
of understanding ordered logit?
Traci
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<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>How does one interpret ordered logit=20
coefficients? I remember from class that regular probit =
coefficients mean something like the fraction of a standard deviation =
the=20
underlying coefficient will increase/decrease with a one unit increase =
in=20
x. Is there a similar way of understanding ordered =
logit?</FONT></DIV>
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<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Traci</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>
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Hi everyone,
We finished grading your papers. I put them in the same place (the
mailbox in the CBRSS) where you turned in your papers so that you can pick
it up. It was great to have you all in the class.
Have a great summer!
Kosuke
Hi Folks,
Some of us are planning to meet up at the Harvard T-stop at 10am sharp tomorrow
morning to go together to Gary's house. Join us there if you're interested.
See you tomorrow,
Phillip.
-------------------------------------------------
Phillip Y. Lipscy
Perkins Hall Room #129
35 Oxford Street
Cambridge, MA 02138
(617)493-4893 DORM
(617)851-8220 CELL
lipscy(a)fas.harvard.edu
http://www.people.fas.harvard.edu/~lipscy/
First Year Student, Ph.D. Program
Harvard University, FAS, Department of Government
-------------------------------------------------
Please find our working title and abstract below. Comments are welcome.
David and John
Mothers' Transitions from Welfare to Work and Child Development: The
Importance of Income
Chase-Lansdale, et al (2003) argue that mothers' transitions off welfare
and into employment do not have discernible effects on their children's
cognitive, behavioral, and psychological development. Correcting for
omitted variable bias by considering the variable effects of mothers'
transitions
depending on the income level of the family, we show that mothers'
transitions do impact child development. Contrary to the expectation that
mothers' transitions off of welfare and into employment will be detrimental
to children's development, we find these transitions generally have
positive effects for children from households below the poverty line. Our
findings have important implications for evaluating recent welfare reform
initiatives.
the server is running so slow, i'm getting kicked off about once every 2-3
minutes. is it just my system, or are others having difficulty?
(case in point -- i got booted while typing this short message!)
good morning, by the way.
anna
Dear all,
I don't like the way latex is embedding my tables and figures because it's
hard to tell where the table caption starts and where the table notes end
with respect to the rest of the text. I want to draw boxes around my
figures and tables. Does anyone know how to do this in latex? I found
\mbox ... am I on the right track?
Thanks,
Olivia.
I guess he does want *some* theoretical points :-) So how about this:
The most comprehensive evaluation of the resource curse (Ross, 2001) posits
sweeping negative influence of oil on democracy. We debunk the resource
curse theory and argue that resource wealth in fact has a negative
influence on *autocracy*. We argue that oil production is a more
appropriate measure of resource wealth, because the traditional oil exports
measure captures economic reliance on oil, rather than oil wealth per
se. Using an extended version of Ross's data set, we break down the
effects of oil production and exports by region and show that oil greatly
decreases the probability of autocracy in Latin America and fails to affect
regime type in the rest of the world. Finally, we further disaggregate the
effects of oil by country income level and by oil industry ownership type,
and find that oil is detrimental to democracy only in rich countries and in
countries where the oil industry is fully state-owned.
At 05:02 PM 5/13/2003, Gary King wrote:
>this is pretty good. the results sound a bit like 'well, they found
>something and we find chaos.' can you make some theoretical sense of the
>chaos? is there some _single_ alternative theory or perspective that has
>as observable implications all the complicated findings you have?
We wish! isn't it powerful enough to debunk a dominant theory? maybe the
point is that there is no universal way in which oil per se affects regime
type...
>if you
>can find that theory, then you'll have a much more powerful paper.
>
>what does 'significantly associated' mean? it doesn't even say a
>direction and certainly has nothing substantive attached to it. you're
>writing a substantive paper.
>
>Gary
>
>On Tue, 13 May 2003, Stanislav Markus wrote:
>
> > for any last-minute comments, many thanks!
> >
> > debating between two titles:
> >
> > "Disaggregating the Resource Curse: The Varying Effects of Oil by
> > Region, Country Income Level and Oil Industry Ownership"
> >
> > "Oil As Lubricant for Autocracy? It All Depends - on Region, Income, and
> > Ownership."
> >
> > Abstract:
> > The most comprehensive evaluation of the resource curse (Ross, 2001)
> > posits sweeping negative influence of oil on democracy. Using a
> > multinomial logit model and extending Ross's dataset, we demonstrate
> > that effects of oil on regime are highly contingent on region, per
> > capita income, and ownership of the oil industry. We find that Latin
> > America, contrary to the orthodox focus on the Middle East, exhibits the
> > strongest link between oil and regime - and that oil is a true blessing
> > for democracy in this region. We show that the negative influence of oil
> > on democracy occurs where per capita income is high, and where the state
> > owns the oil facilities. Finally, we provide evidence that not only the
> > oil exports, but also the oil production for domestic consumption is
> > significantly associated with regime type, which has direct implications
> > for the causal mechanism involved.
> >
> >
> >
> > ****************************
> >
> > Stanislav Markus
> > Ph.D. Candidate
> >
> > Harvard University
> > Department of Government
> >
> > e: smarkus(a)fas.harvard.edu
> > t: 617.513.5407
> >
> >
> >
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: gov2001-l-admin(a)fas.harvard.edu
> > [mailto:gov2001-l-admin@fas.harvard.edu] On Behalf Of Kosuke Imai
> > Sent: Tuesday, May 13, 2003 9:24 AM
> > To: Yevgeniy Kirpichevsky
> > Cc: gov2001-l(a)fas.harvard.edu
> > Subject: Re: [gov2001-l] Abstract: Lipscy/Kirpichevsky
> >
> >
> > much better! some minor suggestions below.
> >
> > Kosuke
> >
> > On Mon, 12 May 2003, Yevgeniy Kirpichevsky wrote:
> >
> > > Divided Government or Protectionist Congress?
> > > Obstacles to delegation of trade policy authority by Congress to the
> > > President.
> >
> > change the subtitle to "Obstacles to Congressional delegation of ..."
> >
> > > We argue that the effect of divided government on the US trade policy
> > is
> > > *conditional* on the free-trade inclinations of Congress. The
> > structure
> > > of delegation under the Reciprocal Trade Authorization Act (RTAA)
> > causes
> > > the liberal party to delegate *regardless* of the party identity of
> > the
> > > President, while the protectionist party is less likely to delegate to
> > > the President of a different party.
> >
> > change "liberal party" to "liberal Congress"
> > change "protectionaist party" to "protectionist Congress"
> >
> > > Our argument clashes with the conventional view, pioneered by Lohmann
> > > and O'Halloran (1994) who argue that divided government *always*
> > causes
> > > Congress to delegate less authority to the executive branch, resulting
> > > in higher tariff rates.
> >
> > change "Our argument" to "We"
> > change "clashes with" to "questions"
> >
> > > We find broad support for our proposition in both Congressional voting
> > > and U.S. tariff rate data.
> >
> > change to "Our proposition finds broad support in both..."
> >
> > > While Lohmann and O'Halloran's substantive results disappear after the
> > > addition of recent data to their analysis, our theoretical claims are
> > > supported. We find that, ceteris paribus, when Congress is
> > > protectionist, a change from unified to divided government increases
> > the
> > > tariff rate by 0.15 percentage points, while a similar change under a
> > > liberal Congress has virtually no effect.
> >
> > good. but is your theory supported in the old data before adding more
> > recent data?
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > gov2001-l mailing list
> > gov2001-l(a)fas.harvard.edu
> > http://www.fas.harvard.edu/mailman/listinfo/gov2001-l
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > gov2001-l mailing list
> > gov2001-l(a)fas.harvard.edu
> > http://www.fas.harvard.edu/mailman/listinfo/gov2001-l
> >
>
>_______________________________________________
>gov2001-l mailing list
>gov2001-l(a)fas.harvard.edu
>http://www.fas.harvard.edu/mailman/listinfo/gov2001-l
You can use "dcolumn" package.
\usepackage{dcolumn}
\newcolumntype{.}{D{.}{.}{-1}}
\newcolumntype{d}[1]{D{.}{.}{#1}}
then, for example,
\begin{tabular}{l....}
Kosuke
On Tue, 13 May 2003, Olivia Lau wrote:
> Dear Kosuke,
>
> Do you know how to align the decimals in tables? I tried to make all of
> my numbers left align with only one leading digit in each row before the
> decimal, but the negative sign is making the decimals align funny:
>
> 0.012
> -0.20
>
> is an example. I don't use scientific notation, so I have a different
> number of digits after each decimal place, otherwise I could right align
> the column. Suggestions?
>
> Thanks,
>
> Olivia.
>
>
